V-Bed Flat-Knitting Machine

A latch-needle weft-knitting machine with two needlebeds at a 90° angle to each other in the form of an inverted V. Each needlebed is at a 45° angle to the horizontal. These machines are used primarily to produce collars sleeves sweater strips and rib trims.

V-bed knitting machine

A weft-knitting machine having straight needle beds carrying independently operated, usually latch needles. (See also knitting machine.)
note 1.. Rib machines (V-type), usually, have two needle beds, which are opposed to each other in inverted-V formation.
note 2: Purl machines, usually, have two needle beds horizontally opposed in the same plane.
note 3: Reciprocating carriage flat knitting machines are flat knitting machines, usually, provided with one or two carriages containing 1,2,3 or 4 cam systems that traverse to and for across the needle beds.
note 4: Circulating carriage flat knitting machines are flat knitting machines in which several carriages each with its own cam system move continuously across the needle beds in the same direction.

Valencia vesting

A fabric for waistcoats, woven with a cotton binder warp and a silk figuring warp with a worsted weft. It is imitative of Spitalfields figured silks and was popular in the early 19th century.

Van Dvke braid

A ric-rac braid with the points at the edges forming an acute angle.

Vandyke fabric

A warp-knitted fabric characterized by having one set of threads traversing in a diagonal manner, one wale per course for a number of courses, returning in the same manner to the original wale. Open or closed laps may be used. A typical example is shown.

Variable cut device

An ancillary device on the crush-cutting type of converter (see converting) which cyclically varies the angle of approach of the tow to the cutting region in order to introduce a controlled variation of fibre length.

Variable top feed

The means for moving the material being stitched from one stitch position to the next.

Variable top feed

A top feed system with the presser foot in two sections: one of which holds the material in position during needle penetration whilst the other, with its teeth on the lower side, engages the upper ply to feed the material forward when the needle is raised.(sub Category of feed mechanisms(sewing))

Variant

A manufactured fiber modified in polymer configuration or by additive during manufacture resulting in a change in the properties of the fiber. Examples are flame-retardant variants deep-dyeing variants high-tenacity variants low-pilling variants and cotton-blending or wool-blending variants.

Vat

1. A vessel or tank.
2. A liquor containing a reduced (leueo) vat dye.3. To dissolve a vat dye by the combined action of alkali and a reducing agent.

Vat dye

A water-insoluble dye, usually containing keto groups, which is normally applied to the fibre from an alkaline aqueous solution of the reduced enol (leuco) form, which is subsequently oxidized in the fibre to the insoluble form.

Vectran® Fiber

Manufactured fiber spun from Celanese Vectra® liquid crystal polymer. These fibers have high-temperature resistance high strength and modulus and high resistance to moisture and chemicals with good property retention in hostile environments. They are used as matrix fibers for advanced composites and as reinforcing fibers in advanced composites ropes and cables and in electronics applications.

Vegetable Fiber

A textile fiber of vegetable origin such as cotton kapok jute ramie and flax.

Veiling (lace)

Plain or ornamental nets, with relatively large meshes, used mainly for face veils or hat decoration.

Velour

1. Generally a soft closely woven fabric with a short thick pile weighting about 10 to 20 ounces per yard and made in a plain or satin weave. Velour is usually made of cotton or wool or with a cotton warp in wool silk or mohair velour. It is also made in blends of spun manufactured fiber and wool. Velours are used for coats draperies upholstery powder puffs and other pile items. 2. A felt with velvet-like texture used for men’s and women’s hats.