Tex system

A system of expressing linear density (mass per unit length) of fibres, filaments, slivers, and yarns, or other linear textile material. The basic unit is tex, which is the mass in grams of one kilometre of the product. Multiples and sub-multiples recommended for use in preference to other possible combinations are: kilogram per kilometre, designated kilotex (ktex); decigram per kilometre, designated decitex (dtex); and milligram per kilometre, designated millitex (mtex). Tex is a recognised SI unit (see Tables, p.396-397).

Texipiqu'e (weft knitting)

A non-jacquard double-jersey fabric made on an interlock basis and consisting of a selection of knitted and tuck loops in the following sequence. (See also double jersey, weft-knitted.)

Textile

1. A textile was originally a woven fabric, but the terms textile and the plural textiles are now also applied to fibres, filaments and yarns. natural and manufactured, and most products for which these are a principal raw material.Nole.. This definition embraces, for example. fibre-based products in the following categories: threads, cords, ropes and braids; woven, knitted and nonwoven fabrics, lace, nets, and embroidery; hosiery, knitwear and made-up apparel; household textiles, soft furnishings and upholstery; carpets and other floor coverings; technical, industrial and engineering textiles, including geotextiles and medical textiles.
2. Descriptive of textiles as defined in 1 above and of the raw materials, processes, machinery, buildings, craft, technology, personnel used in, and the organisations and activities connected with, their manufacture.

Textile agent

An individual or organisation acting on behalf of a principal who establishes contact with potential customers for the purpose of making sales of textile goods supplied by the principal. The agent does not take title to the goods. (See also textile merchant and merchant converter.)

Textile film

A manufactured textile material in film form within which molecular orientation is predominantly in the longitudinal direction.
note..Polymer films for non-textile use are commonly un oriented orbiaxially oriented, but uniaxial orientation is present in some cases.

Textile fleeing

A product Having a use-surface composed of textile material and generally used for covering floors.

Textile Materials

A general term for fibers yarn intermediates yarn fabrics and products made from fabrics that retain more or less completely the strength flexibility and other typical properties of the original fiber or filaments.

Textile merchant

An individual or organisation that locates a supplier and purchases grey or finished textile fabrics or - textile intermediaries and establishes contact with potential customers for the purpose of re-selling those goods. The merchant may or may not hold stock on his premises. (See also textile agent and merchant converter.)

Textile Processing

Any mechanical operation used to translate a textile fiber or yarn to a fabric or other textile material. This includes such operations as opening carding spinning plying twisting texturing coning quilling beaming slashing weaving and knitting.

Texture

A term describing the surface effect of a fabric such as dull lustrous wooly stiff soft fine coarse open or closely woven; the structural quality of a fabric.

Textured

An adjective used to describe continuous filament manufactured yarns (and woven and knit fabrics made therefrom) that have been crimped or have had random loops imparted or that have been otherwise modified to create a different surface texture. (Also see TEXTURED YARNS and TEXTURING.)

Textured pile

A pile in which the surface character is varied, e.g., by having areas of different characteristics or by combinations of different yarn or pile types, e.g., soft and hard twist.(sub category of pile(carpet))

Textured yarn

A continuous-filament yarn that has been processed to introduce durable crimps, coils, loops or other fine distortions along the length of the filaments.
note 1: Most, but not all, texturing methods depend upon the thermoplastic properties of suitable manufactured fibres. The principal texturing procedures that are or have been used are:
(i) the yarn is highly twisted, thermally set and untwisted either as a process of three seperate stages (now obsolescent) or as a continuous process (false-twist texturing). In an infrequently used alternative method (sometimes known as 'trapped-twist' texturing), two yarns are continuously folded together (see fold), thermally set, then separated by unfolding;
(ii) the yarn is fed through a nip into a stuffer box The yarn may be pre-heated or the stufferbox may be heated (stiiffer-box texturing):
(iii) the yarn is injected by a plasticising jet of hot fluid (usually hot air, sometimes steam) into a texturing tube or nozzle (hot-find jet texturing);
(iv) the yarn is plasticized by a passage through a jet of hot fluid and is impacted on to a cooling surface (impact texturing);
(v) the heated yarn is passed over a knife-edge (edge crimping);
(vi) the heated yarn is passed between a pair of gear wheels or through some similar device (gear crimping);
(vii) the yarn is knitted into a fabric that is thermally-set and then unravelled (knit-deknit, KDK texturing)
(viii) the yarn is over-fed through the turbulent air stream inside ajet assembly so that entangled loops are formed in the filaments; tllis method may also be applied to non - thermoplastic yarns (air-jet texturing; air-texturing);
(ix) the yarn is composed of bicomponent fibres of asymmetric cross-section and is subjected to a hot and/or wet process whereby differential shrinkage occurs.
note 2.. Procedures (i) and (v) in Note 1 above give yarns of a generally high-stretch character. This is frequently reduced by thermally re-setting the yarn in a state where it is only partly relaxed from the fully extended condition, thus producing a stabilized yarn with the bulkiness little reduced but with a much reduced retractive power.
note 3: Of the above procedures, only (j), (ii,) and
(viii) are currently of major commercials significance; (iv), (v) and (vi) are now rarely, if ever, used.

Textured Yarns

Yarns that develop stretch and bulk on subsequent processing. When woven or knitted into fabric the cover hand and other aesthetics of the finished fabric better resemble the properties of a fabric constructed from spun yarn. (Also see TEXTURING.) 1

Texturing

The process of crimping imparting random loops or otherwise modifying continuous filament yarn to increase cover resilience abrasion resistance warmth insulation and moisture absorption or to provide a different surface texture. Texturing methods can be placed roughly into six groups. (Also see TEXTURED YARNS.) 1