Seam strength

The load required to cause seam failure, either in a saple removed from a made-up product or in a sample made to simulate a seam in a product, normally measured at right angles to the seam line.

Seam type

A formal description of the configuration of a seam.
Note 1: Four classes of seam are defined in ISO 4916:1991 Te-vtiles - Seani types: classification acid terminology. This standard designates seai@n types using an alpha-numeric coding system, with the following generil categories:Class SS Superimposed seamsClass LS Lapped seamsClass BS Bound seamsClass FS Flat seamsOther seam configurations which are not load-bearing are classed as:Class EF Edge finishing stitchingsClass OS Ornamental stitchings.
Note 2.. For formal definitions and illustrations, reference should be made to the ISO documents. The seam types below are a selection of constructions with common-usage definitions. Many of these seam types require specialised sewing machines but reference to this machinery is not essential to the definition. However, some terms in common use fail to distinguish between stitch, seam and type of sewing machine and may be ambiguous, such as lockstitch.bound seamA seam having its material edges covered with a strip of additional material.
Note: May be used for neatening, protecting and as a design feature.butt seamA seam with the two material edges abutting each other.cup seamee cup seaming.flatiock seamA butt seam formed using a flatiock stitch. The edges of the material are trimmed during stitching.French seamA type of tlat folded seam with only one line of stitching visible. Two plies of material are superimposed back to back and stitched together producing a seam with a narrow bight. The plies are then opened out, folded face to face, and stitched again at a distance from the fold sufficient to enclose the edges of the material.
Note.. Formation of this seam is often accompanied by trimming, to maintain the narrow bight and to remove frayed threads.overlock seamTwo or more superimposed plies of material, aligned along their edges, are joined together, edge-trimmed and oversewn in one operation, with overedge stitches having two or more threads.plain seam; flat seamusually a lockstitch seam, formed by a line or lines of stitches joining two pieces of material together face to face.rolled seamA seam in which the two edges of the material to be joined are rolled over together and secured by a single line of stitching.
Note.. This construction is also used for edge finishing single plies of fabric.taped seamA seam stabilised and reinforced by a tape.

Seam Welding

Any stitchless procedure for joining fabrics based on the use of thermoplastic resins or the direct welding of thermoplastic materials. Seam welding is an alternative to conventional needle-and-thread seaming operations that is extremely popular in the nonwoven field.

Seaming

Joining the overlap of two pieces of fabric usually near their edges.

Seamless

A term that describes a tubular knit fabric without seams e.g. seamless hosiery.

Seat angle

A variable angle to the vertical of the centre back seam used when drafting bifurcated garments.
Note: It is a means of achieving ease of movement in the finished garment.

Seat belt webbing

A woven webbing, usually of polyester, with special physical characteristics used for body restraining purposes.

Secant modulus

The ratio of change in stress to change in strain between two points on a stress-strain curve, particularly the points of zero stress and breaking stress.

Second-Order Transition Temperature

The temperature at which the noncrystalline (amorphous) portions of polymer melt or become plastic. An inflection point or change is stress-strain properties occurs at this point; however for most fibers this change is small.

Secondary backing

A fabric which forms an additional stabilizing layer in the substrate of a textile floorcovering and which often forms the final coating or layer.(sub category of substrate(CARPET); carpet backing)

Secondary cellulose acetate

An ester formed from cellulose and ethanoic acid (acetic acid) (see acetate (fibre)).
Note: Purified cellulose is ethanoylated (acetylated) by ethanoic anhydride (acetic anhydride) in the presence of a catalyst (such as sulphuric acid or perchloric acid) in a solvent such as dichloromethane (methylene chloride) or ethanoic acid, which also acts as a diluent. The reaction proceeds until primary cellulose acetate containing about 60% by mass of combined ethanoic acid is formed. Secondary cellulose acetate is formed from this product by partial hydrolysis. It is obtained by adding water in excess of that required to react with the residual ethanoic anhydride, which thus allows hydrolysis to take place. When the hydrolysis is allowed to proceed until approximately 54% of combined ethaiioic acid remains in the product, the cellulose acetate is soluble in propanone (acetone) and is sometimes known as acetone-soluble cellulose acetate.

Secondary Colors

Green orange and violet each of which is obtained by mixing two primary colors.

Secondary Creep

The nonrecoverable component of creep. (Also see DELAYED DEFORMATION.)

Secondary strand

A rope forming one of the strands of a cable laid rope.

Seconds

Textile products which, owing to some fault or imperfection, do not reach an agreed standard of quality.