Pile root (carpet)

That part of the tuft and/or loop, excluding dead yams (see dead yarn (carpet)), which is in the substrate of a carpet.

Pile ruche

A ruche made as a woven flat ruche, but with pile-forming elements.(sub category of ruche)

Pile thickness, effective (carpet)

The difference in the thickness of a carpet, measured under a defined pressure, before and after the pile above the backing has been shorn away.

Pile Weave

A weave in which an additional set of yarns either warp or filling floats on the surface and is cut to form the pile. Turkish toweling is a pileweave fabric with uncut loops on one or both sides.

Pile weight

The mass of pile yarn of- fibre in a unit area of pile textile fabric or floorcovering. It may be expressed as total pile weight, where the mass of yarn or fibre in the base fabric is included, or surface pile weight, where only the pile mass above the base fabric is taken into account.

Pile Wire

A metal rod over which yarn is woven to generate a pile fabric.

Pile, effective (carpet)

That part of the pile which is above the substrate.

Pill

A small accumulation of fibers on the surface of a fabric. Pills which can develop during wear are held to the fabric by an © 2001 Celanese Acetate LLC entanglement with surface fibers of the material and are usually composed of the same fibers from which the fabric is made.

Pillar (lace)

Two or more threads from warp, beam. or spool, encircled and bound by one bobbin thread.

Pillar stitch, warp-knitted

A stitch which produces a vertical chain of consecutively knitted loops on the same needle from the same yarn. The chains may be connected together by other yarns or they may be entirely separate from each other.

Pilling

The entangling of fibres during washing, dry cleaning, testing or in wear to form balls or pills which stand proud of the surface of a fabric and which are of such density that light will not pass through them (so that they cast a shadow).

Pilling test

A test to asses s the propensity of pills to form and/or be retained on the surface of a fabric when it is subjected to specified conditions. (See also pilling.)

Pilot

A woollen fabric, generally made in navy blue and used for seamen's coats. It is usually in 2/2 twill weave, heavily milled, with a raised brush finish.

Pin drafter

A drafting machine, used in worsted processing, in which the motion of the fibres is in part controlled by pins fixed on moving bars (pinned fallers).

Pin drafting

A system of drafting in which the movement of the fibres relative to one another in a sliver is controlled by pins.