Pieces

Small bunches of wool fibres taken during sorting from various fleeces.

Piecing

The joining of fibre assemblies, usually by overlapping two ends.
Note.. This is usually performed at machines used in yarn manufacture up to and including the spinning process. and may be done manually or automatically. Sometimes the ends of the fibre assemblies are tapered. (See also splicing (yarn joining).)

Pierced cocoons

Cocoons from which the moths have been allowed to emerge so that they may reproduce.

Pigment

A substance in particulate form that is substantially insoluble in a medium, but which can be mechanically dispersed in this medium to modify its colour and/or light-scattering properties.

Pigment padding

The application of an aqueous dispersion of a pigment to a fabric by padding.
Note: It is commonly used to describe the first stage of a process for the application of vat dyes to fabrics, followed by fixation of the vat dye through its leuco form. It is also used in the application of resin-bonded pigments.

Pigmented Yarn

A dull or colored yarn spun from a solution or melt containing a pigment. (Also see DYEING Mass-Colored.)

Pigtail

A yarn-guide in the form of a short open-ended helix, sometimes used as a ballooning eye.

Pile

A surface effect on a fabric formed by tufts or loops of yarn that stand up from the body of the fabric.
Note: nap and pile are often used synonymously, but the practice of using the two terms for different concepts is to be encouraged as providing a means of differentiation and avoidance of confusion.

Pile (carpet)

That part of a carpet consisting of textile yarns or fibres, cut or looped, projecting from the substrate and acting as the use-surface.carved pileThe pile of a carpet that is subjected after manufacture to a shearing operation with the object of creating different levels of pile, often on the periphery of certain elements of design formed by the pile.curled pile; hard-twist pile; fris'e pile; Wilton, plain, hard-twistThe pile of a carpet, in which curl has been induced by over-twist or by other means.cut pileThe pile of a carpet consisting of legs of tufts or individual fibres.cut-loop pileThe pile of a carpet, formed during manufacture by loops and tufts of different lengths or of the same length.loop pile; uncut pileThe pile of a carpet consisting of loops.sculptured pileA pile in which a pattern is created by having areas of different lengths of pile and/or by omitting pile in certain areas. (See also Wilton, carved.)shag pileA carpet texture characterized by long pile tufts laid over in random directions in such manner that the sides of the yarn form the use surface.
Note: Modern shags are usually made from plied heat-set yarns and are either cut-pile or cut-and-loop styles.textured pileA pile in which the surface character is varied, e.g., by having areas of different characteristics or by combinations of different yarn or pile types, e.g., soft and hard twist.tip-sheared pileThe pile of a carpet, originally consisting of loops of different lengths, which has been subjected after manufacture to a shearing process to cut the tips of the longer pile loops.

Pile Crush

The bending of upholstery or carpet pile that results from heavy use or the pressure of furniture.

Pile density

Pile mass per unit area relative to pile height. It is normally expressed as pile mass in g/M2 divided by pile height in mm.

Pile fabric

A fabric with a pile surface, which may be of cut and/or uncut loops (see pile).

Pile height, effective (carpet)

The length of fibre or of one leg of a tuft from the place where it emerges from its substrate to its furthest extremity, or half the length of a loop measured between the two points where it emerges from the substrate.

Pile length, effective (carpet)

The length of fibre or of one leg of a tuft from the place where it emerges from its substrate to its furthest extremity, or half the length of a loop measured between the two points where it emerges from the substrate.

Pile mass

The mass of pile yarn of- fibre in a unit area of pile textile fabric or floorcovering. It may be expressed as total pile weight, where the mass of yarn or fibre in the base fabric is included, or surface pile weight, where only the pile mass above the base fabric is taken into account.