One-by-one purl fabric, weft-knitted

A fabric in which both back and face loops occur in some or all of the wales. The structure may be identified by the particular knitting sequence used, for example,
(i) 1 x 1 purl fabric, in which a single course of back loops alternates with a single course of face loops. 2x2 purl and 3x3 are made in a corresponding way; and
(ii) fancy purl, a general term used to describe patterned purl structures in which a design is formed from back and face loops; also known as 'links-links'.

One-by-one rib fabric, weft-knitted

A fabric in which both back and face loops occur along the course, but in which all the loops contained within any single wale are of the same type, i.e., back or face loops.

Onium dye

A cationic dye that is solubilized by a labile ammonium, sulphonium, phosphonium, or oxonium substituent which splits off during fixation to leave an insoluble colorant in the fibre.

Open boil

Scouring of cellulosic textiles with alkaline liquors in open vessels at or near the boiling point (see scouring).

Open Face

A fabric defect consisting of an open appearance of the fabric which permits the filling to “grin” through the warp ends in the center portion of the fabric.

Open lap (warp knitting)

A lapping movement in which the underlap is non-existent is made in the same direction as the preceding overlap. This results in a thread entering and leaving a loop at opposite sides without crossing over itself.

Open leg

A term to describe the provision for open leg stance in the angle of leg scanis in, for example, jodhpurs.

Open loop (warp knitting)

A loop in which the same thread enters and leaves the loop at opposite sides without crossing over itself.

Open shed (leno weaving)

The shed formed when the crossing end is lifted over the weft in its non-ci-ossed position when using bottom dotiping (see leno weaving, Note 4).

Open shedding

A method of forming a shed in which, between the insertion of one weft pick and the next, the only warp threads moved are those that are required to change position from the upper to the lower line of the shed.

Open soaper

A machine consisting of a number of compartinents, each having rollers and/or nips, which is used for. continuous wet treatment of textiles in open width. By suitable arrangement of the liquids in the series of compartments, a sequence of operations, e.g., fixing, rinsing, soaping and rinsing, can be carried out.

Open width washer

A machine for washing fabrics in open width continuously or in batch form.

Open-end spinning

A spinning system in which sliver feedstock is highly drafted, ideally to individual fibre state, and thus creates an open end or break in the fibre flow. The fibres are subsequently assembled on the end of a rotating yarn and twisted in. Various techniques are available for collecting and twisting the fibres into a yarn the most note worthy being rotor spinning and friction spinning. (See also spinning.)

Open-width processing

The treatment of fabric at its full width in the unfolded state in contrast to rope-form processing. The fabric may be carried on rollers through the processing media or be held on a roller, as in beam dyeing.

Opening

The action of separating closely packed fibres at an early stage in the processing of raw material.
Note.. The separation may involve the removal of non- fibrous material (cleaning).