Ikat

A process originating from Indonesia and Malaysia in which a warp is dyed to a pattern through the use of a resist agent. The warp is made first in rope form and predetermined sections are bound tightly to protect that section from the dye. When the warp is opened out after dyeing a pattern is shown on the warp which comes through into the woven fabric (warp ikat). A variation can be achieved by dyeing the weft yarn in a similar way (weft ikat) and in some cases both warp and weft may be treated (double ikat). Careful control and planning can give interesting and unusual figured effects in the cloth. The pattern shapes tend to have soft edges due to some movement of the threads in weaving, and a certain amount of bleeding and capillary action in the dye process.

Ikat fabric

Fabric made from ikat dyed materials.

Imbibition

A measure of the liquid or water-holding capacity of a textile material.

Imitation gauze

An open mesh character of mock-leno fabric created primarily by the weave. Two examples and the corresponding weaves are given below. Light-weight open texture structures are sometimes referred to as 'imitation gauze' or 'mock gauze'.
Note: Arrows on the weave diagrams show where the spaces will develop, because at these 240 places the interlacings completely reverse. Elsewhere the interfacings are such that the threads crowd together. The effect may be emphasised by leaving one or more dents empty and varying the rate of take-up

Immature cotton

fibre where little wall thickening has taken place during growth;

Immature fibre (cotton)

fibre where little wall thickening has taken place during growth;

Immediate Elastic Deformation

Recoverable deformation that is essentially independent of time i.e. occurring in (a time approaching) zero time and recoverable in (a time approaching) zero time after removal of the applied load.

Impact Resistance

1. The resistance of a material to fracture by a blow expressed in terms of the amount of energy absorbed before fracture. 2. In yarn or cord the ability to withstand instantaneous or rapid rate of loading.

Impact Strength

See IMPACT RESISTANCE.

Impact-textured yarn

the yarn is plasticized by a passage through a jet of hot fluid and is impacted on to a cooling surface (impact texturing)

Imperial sateen

A heavily wefted fabric based on an eight-end sateen weave with one or more extra risers added. The weft face may be smooth or raised (see beaverteen and fustian).

Impervious backing

A secondary backing consisting of a polymeric material, e.g., rubber., PVC, etc. (sub category of substrate(CARPET); carpet backing)

Impervious backing (carpet)

A secondary backing consisting of a polymeric material, e.g., rubber., PVC, etc.

Impregnated Fabric

A fabric in which the interstices between the yarns are completely filled as compared to sized or coated material where the interstices are not completely filled. Not included in the definition is a woven fabric constructed from impregnated yarns rather than one impregnated after weaving.

Independent beams (lace)

A leavers-lace construction made with beam and bobbin threads only, in which each beam thread in a set-out is supplied from a separate beam, and its movement is controlled by an individual steel bar (see guide bars). This permits independent control of the movements of all beam threads in the repeat.