Gabardine

A firm durable warp-faced cloth showing a decided twill line usually a 45° or 63° right-hand twill.

Gaberdine

A firmly woven, clear-finished, warp-faced fabric in which the end density considerably exceeds the pick density, the twill line thus being produced at a steep angle. It is usually woven in 2/1 and 2/2 twills and largely used for raincoats and sportswear.

Gage

See GAUGE.

Gait

General terms used to describe the positioning of the warp, healds. and reed in a loom, in readiness for weaving. Where drop wires are mounted on the warp during warp preparation, gaiting also includes the positioning of the drop wires. (See also looming.)

Gait (flax)

A large handful of loose, pulled flax, stood up on end in a cone form to dry. (See also retting.)

Gait (lace machines)

1. The distance between the centres of adjacent comb blades.
2. A meisure of the distance over which a thread is moved, e.g., 'two gaits' means across two comb spaces'.

Gait (weaving)

A full repeat of the draft in the healds, or in the case of acquard, in one complete row of the harness.

Gait up (weaving)

General terms used to describe the positioning of the warp, healds. and reed in a loom, in readiness for weaving. Where drop wires are mounted on the warp during warp preparation, gaiting also includes the positioning of the drop wires. (See also looming.)

Gaiting

General terms used to describe the positioning of the warp, healds. and reed in a loom, in readiness for weaving. Where drop wires are mounted on the warp during warp preparation, gaiting also includes the positioning of the drop wires. (See also looming.)

Galatea

A sturdy serviceable warp-effect five-shaft left-hand twill-weave fabric frequently cotton or a cotton blend used for children’s play clothes.

Galloon (lace)

Lace having both edges scalloped.

Galloon (narrow fabric)

1. Ribbon used as a band on men's hats and as a binding on ladies' court shoes originally with 2/2 warp rib weave with a plain weave binder separating the selvedge and known as double shot. A plain woven construction using thicker weft is often substituted.
2. Any woven narrow fabric used for trimming.

Gamma Cellulose

One of the three forms of cellulose. With beta cellulose it is called hemicellulose. (Also see ALPHA CELLULOSE and BETA CELLULOSE.)

Gamma value

The mean number of xanthate groups per 100 glucose residues in cellulose xanthate.

Garment-length knitting machine

A knitting machine built for the production of individual garment panels in series, rather than for the continuous production of fabric. The term is most commonly used to specify this type of circular weft-knitting machine (see circular knitting machine).