Elasticity

That property of a material by virtue of which it tends to recover its original size and shape immediately after the removal of the force causing deformation.

Elasticized Fabric

A fabric that contains elastic threads. Such fabrics are used for girdles garters and similar items.

Elastique

A high warp sett fabric with a steep double twill line used for trousers, jackets and coats. This fabric is also referred to under a series of other names, e.g., cavalry twill, whipcord, etc. In the 19th century the fabric was made in fine merino wool for over coating.

Elastodiene (fibre) (generic name)

A manufactured fibre composed of natural or synthetic polyisoprene, or composed of one or more dienes polymerized with or without one or more vinyl comonomers, that rapidly reverts substantially to its unstretched length after extension to three times that length. (See also Classification Table, p.401.)

Elastomer

Any polymer having high extensibility together with rapid and substantially complete elasticrecovery.
Note: Most fibres formed from elastomers have breaking elongations in excess of one hundred per cent.

Elastomeric yarn

A yarn formed from an elastorner.
Note 1: Elastomeric yam may either be incorporated into fabric in the bare state or wrapped with relatively inextensible fibres. Wrapping is done by covering (see covered yarn), core spinning(see core-spun yarn) or uptwisting.
Note 2: Examples are elastane and clastodiene yarns.

Elastomers

Synthetic polymers having properties of natural rubber such as high stretchability and recovery.

Electrical Conductivity

1. A measure of the ease of transporting electric charge from one point to another in an electric field. 2. The reciprocal of resistivity.

Electrical Finish

A finish designed to increase or maintain electrical resistivity of a textile material.

Electrical Resistivity

The resistance of longitudinal electrical flow through a uniform rod of unit length and unit cross-sectional area.

Electromagnetic warp protector

A mechanism to prevent the loom sley from making a beat-up if the shuttle has not passed a sensor in the raceboard by a specific time in the weft insertion process.

Electrostatic flocking

The process of applying flock to an adhesive-coated substrate in a high-voltage electrostatic field.

Elements

(1) creel (2) eyelet board (3) warp-draw machine (4) intermingler (5) tension compensator and break monitor (6) sizing bath (7) dryers (8) waxing and winding units.

Elmendorf Tear Tester

A tester designer to determine the tearing strength of paper. It is also used to measure the tearing strength of very lightweight fabrics and resin-finished apparel fabrics. A trapezoidal fabric sample is employed.

Elongation

The increase in length of a specimen during a tensile test, expressed in units of length. (See also extension percentage.)