Dip Pickup

The amount of adhesive applied to a tire cord by dipping expressed as a percentage of the weight of the cord before dipping.

Dip Treating

The process of passing fiber cord or fabric through an adhesive bath followed by drying and heat-treating of the adhesive-coated fiber to obtain better adhesion.

Direct beaming

The winding of the total number of warp ends in full width in a single operation from creeled bobbins, either on to a weaver's beam, or on to a sectional beam.

Direct cabling

A system of producing a twist-balanced folded yarn from balanced (or twistiess) single yams. The process is usually carried out on a modified two-for-one twisting machine.

Direct Coating

The simplest method of coating this procedure involves spreading the coating with a knife. The moving fabric substrate is usually supported by a roller or a sleeve. The gap between the knife and the fabric determines coating thickness.

Direct dye

An anionic dye having substantivity for cellulosic fibres, normally applied from an aqueous dyebath containing an electrolyte.

Direct Esterification

In the production of polyethylene terephthalate the process in which ethylene glycol is reacted with terephthalic acid to form bis-ß-hydroxyethyl terephthalate monomer with the generation of water as a by-product.

Direct spinning

1. (Manufactured fibre production) Integrated polymerization and fibre extrusion without intervening isolation or storage of the polymer.
2. (Manufactured fibre yarn production) The process whereby tow is converted to staple fibre and spun into yam in an integrated operation.
3. (Bast fibre production) A method of dry-spinning bast fibres whereby untwisted slivers are drafted with suitable controls and directly twisted into yarn.
4. (Short-staple yam production) The production of yarn directly from card sliver.

Direct style

A style of printing in one or several colours where the dyes are applied and then fixed by ageing or other appropriate means. The fabric is usually initially white but may sometimes have been previously dyed (see discharge (printing) and resist style).

Direct warping

The transference of yam from a package creel directly on to a beam. (See also beaming and section warping.)

Direct-spun

1. A term used to describe filaments or yarn produced by direct spinning.
2. Descriptive of woollen yarns spun on a mule on to weft bobbins.

Direction Of

The direction of twist in yarns and other textile strands is indicated by the capital letters S and Z. Yarn has S-twist if when it is held vertically the spirals around its central axis slope in the same direction as the middle portion of the letter S and Z-twist if they slope in the same direction as the middle portion of the letter Z. When two or more yarns either single or plied are twisted together the letters S and Z are used in a similar manner to indicate the direction of the last twist inserted.

Direction Of Twist

See TWIST DIRECTION OF.

Directionally Oriented Fabrics

Rigid fabric constructions containing inlaid warp or fill yarns held in place by a warp-knit structure. Used in geotextiles coated fabrics composites etc.

Disc Test

An in-rubber test used to predict the fatigue resistance of tire cords and other industrial yarns.