Delustring

1. The use of a delustrant.
2. A process for reducing the lustre of fabrics, e.g., cellulose acetate fabrics may be delustred by treatment with alkali, and viscose fabrics by the deposition of urea formaldehyde polymer.

Denier

The mass in grams of 9000 metres of a fibre, filamnt, or yam (see tex system and Table, p.396).

Denier Per Filament (Dpf)

The denier of an individual continuous filament or an individual staple fiber if it were continuous. In filament yarns it is the yarn denier divided by the number of filaments.

Denier Variation

Usually variation in diameter or other cross-sectional dimension along the length of a filament or bundle of filaments. It is caused by malfunction or lack of process control in fiber manufacturing and degrades resulting fabric appearance or performance.

Denim

Traditionally a 3/1 warp-faced twill fabric made from yam-dyed warp and undyed weft yarn. Typical cotton construction: 32x19; 45x54tex; 310 g/rn 2 ; K=21.5+14.0. More recently, other weaves have been used in lighter constructions.

Density

The mass per unit volume (usually expressed as grams per cubic centimeter). (Also see SPECIFIC GRAVITY.)

Dent

The unit of a reed comprising a reed wire and the space between adjacent wires.

Denting plan

An indication of the position of the reed wires in relation to the ends in one weave repeat.

Depitching

The removal of tar or other branding substances from wool, usually, though not necessarily, by solvent-extraction.

Depth (coloration)

That colour quality, an increase in which is associated with an increase in the quantity of colorant present, all other conditions (viewing, etc.) remaining the same.

Derby rib

A fabric in which both back and face loops occur along the course, but in which all the loops contained within any single wale are of the same type, i.e., back or face loops.

Deregistering (Crimp)

Process of disordering or disaligning the crimp in a tow band to produce bulk. (Also see THREADED-ROLL PROCESS.)

Deshi cotton

Coarse, short cotton of the Gossypium arboreum species produced in India and Pakistan. Used for waddings, medical, and sanitary products.

Desi cotton

Coarse, short cotton of the Gossypium arboreum species produced in India and Pakistan. Used for waddings, medical, and sanitary products.

Design paper

1. (Weaving) Paper ruled with vertical and horizontal lines in a manner suitable for showing weaves and designs.
Note: Generally, each space between vertical lines represents one end and each space between horizontal lines represents one pick. The design paper commonly used has equally spaced fine rulings, with heavy over ruling in blocks of eight by eight. For figured designs, other rulings may be used: for example, in jacquard designs, it is convenient to use these rulings according to
(i) the number of needles in the short row, and
(ii) the ratio of numbers of ends to picks per length, the objects being (a) to facilitate card cutting, and (b) to ensure that the design is represented