Defects

A general term that refers to some flaw in a textile product that detracts from either performance or appearance properties.

Deformation

A change in the shape of a specimen e.g. an increase in length produced as the result of the application of a tensile load or force. Deformation may be immediate or delayed and the latter may be recoverable or nonrecoverable.

Degradation

A deleterious change in properties of a textile.

Degreasing

1.The removal of grease, suint, and extraneous matter from wool by an aqueous or solvent process.
2. The removal of natural fats, waxes, grease, oil, and dirt from any textile material by means of an organic solvent.

Degree Of Esterification

The extent to which the acid groups of terephthalic and/or other acids have reacted with diols to form ester groups in polyester polymer production.

Degree of orientation

The extent to which the macromolecules composing a fibre or film lie predominantly in one direction. In the case of fibres the predominant direction is usually the fibre axis.
Note 1: There are several methods for assessment of the degree of orientation, of which measurement of birefringence is one of the most usual.
Note 2: The degrees of orientation of crystalline and non-crystalline regions may be evaluated separately.

Degree of polymerization

The average number of repeating units in the individual macromolecules in a polymer.
Note: In general, this average will depend on the basis on which it is calculated, which should be stated. For example, it may be based upon a mass (weight) or a number average.

Degumming

The removal of sericin (silk gum) from silk yarns or fabrics, or from silk waste prior to spinning, by a controlled, hot, mildly alkaline treatment intended to have little or no effect on the underlying fibroin.

Delaine

A light-weight all wool fabric in plain weave, ornamented by printing.

Delayed Deformation

Deformation that is time-dependent and is exhibited by material subjected to a continuing load; creep. Delayed deformation may be recoverable following removal of the applied load.

Delayed needle timing

The setting of the point of knock-over of one set of needles on a two-bed knitting machine out of alignment with that of the other set so as to permit the formation of a tighter stitch.(sub category of timing (weft knitting))

Delayed needle timing (weft knitting)

The setting of the point of knock-over of one set of needles on a two-bed knitting machine out of alignment with that of the other set so as to permit the formation of a tighter stitch

Delusterant

A material added to a spinning composition before extrusion to reduce the lustre of a manufactured fibre.
Note 1: The anatase form of titanium dioxide is commonly used for this purpose.
Note 2: Terms used to indicate the level of delustrant in manufactured fibres include: clear. bright, semi-dull, dull, matt, extra dull, and super-dull.

Delustering

Subduing or dulling the natural luster of a textile material by chemical or physical means. The term often refers to the use of titanium dioxide or other white pigments as delustrants in textile materials.

Delustrant

A material added to a spinning composition before extrusion to reduce the lustre of a manufactured fibre.
Note 1: The anatase form of titanium dioxide is commonly used for this purpose.
Note 2: Terms used to indicate the level of delustrant in manufactured fibres include: clear. bright, semi-dull, dull, matt, extra dull, and super-dull.