Coiler

A delivery device that deposits a sliver into a cylindrical can in the form of helical coils so as to permit easy withdrawal with the minimum of fibre disturbance.

Coiling

The depositing of sliver into cylindrical cans in helical loops. This arrangement permits easy removal for further processing.

Coir

A reddish-brown-to-buff coarse fibre obtained from the fruit of the palm Cocos nucifera.
Note: There are three types of coir fibre: the longest and finest, which is usually obtained from the unripe fruit, is spun into yarn for making mats and ropes; a coarser fibre, known as 'bristle fibre', is used for filling brushes; and a shorter fibre is used for filling mattresses, and for upholstery etc. Bristle and mattress fibre, together with a small quantity of fibre suitable for yam, is obtained mainly from Sri Lanka; yarn fibre only is obtained from continental India.

Cold crack temperature

The temperature below which the coating on a coated fabric and/or the base fabric cracks when the folded fabric is cooled under specified test conditions.

Cold drawing (synthetic filaments and films)

The drawing of synthetic filaments or films without the intentional application of external heat.
Note: Free drawing of filaments or films at aneck is also referred to as cold drawing even though this may be carried out in a heated environment.

Cold flatting

The pressing of a pile of fabric into a convenient thickness for transport or storage without adversely affectingthefiiiish. Theprocess is used after cuttling (seecuttle) and rigging woollen or worsted fabrics as the last process in the finishing routine.

Collapsed balloon spinning

A system of ring spinning in which the rotating yarn balloon is greatly reduced in diameter by contact with the top of the spindle.
Note 1: The system is normally used for the economic spinning of semi-worsted and woollen carpet yarns by permitting the use of larger package sizes and/or higher spindle speeds.
Note 2: Special spindle top extensions are used to obtain the desired effect.

Collar

The flat, upright or turned-over section of a garment which fits around the neck.

Collar fall

The section of a turned-over collar from the crease to the outer or leaf edge.

Collar stand

The upright portion of the collar which is attached to the neck edge of a garment.

Color

1 (Of an object) The particular visual sensation (as defined in 2) caused by the light emitted by, transmitted through, or reflected from the object.
2. (Sensation) That characteristic of the visual sensation which enables the eye to distinguish differences in its quality, such as may be caused by differences in the spectral distribution of the light rather than by differences in the spatial distribution or fluctuations with time.
Note: The colour of a non-selfluminous object is dependent on the spectral composition of theincident light, the spectral reflectance or transmittance of the object and the spectral response of the observer. Colour can be described approximately in terms of hue, saturation and lightness, or specified numerically by chromaticity co-ordinates, e.g., those defined by the C.I.E. Standard Observer- Data (193 1). Alternatively, colour can be specified by reference to visual standards, e.g., the Munsell Colour Atlas.

Color Abrasion

Color changes in localized areas of a garment resulting from differential wear.

Color Stripper

A chemical used to remove some or all of the dyestuffs from a fiber yarn or fabric so that a dyeing defect can be corrected a shade lightened or another color applied.

Colorant

A colouring matter, a dye or pigment.
Note: The Society of Dyers and Colourists recommends this noun as a generic term.

Colorfastness

Resistance to fading; i.e. the property of a dye to retain its color when the dyed (or printed) textile material is exposed to conditions or agents such as light perspiration atmospheric gases or washing that can remove or destroy the color. A dye may be reasonably fast to one agent and only moderately fast to another. Degree of fastness of color is tested by standard procedures. Textile materials often must meet certain fastness specifications for a particular use.