Caroa

A fibre from the leaf of the plant Neoglazovia variegata

Carpet

A textile floorcovering having a textile use-surface formed from yams or fibres projecting from substrate.

Carpet backing

A construction, integral with the use-surface and composed of one or more layers, which serves as a support for the use-surface and possibly stabilizes the dimensions and/or acts as a cushioning layer.foam backingA mechanically or chemically foamed polymer, applied to the back of a textile floor covering to act as an integral underlay.impervious backingA secondary backing consisting of a polymeric material, e.g., rubber., PVC, etc. precoatingThe operation of depositing a bonding agent on the back of a textile floor covering to ensure its penetration into substrate and pile root without reaching the use-surface.primary backingMaterial which acts as a carrier for the use-surface and which is often additionally used as an anchor for other parts of the substrate.secondary backingA fabric which forms an additional stabilizing layer in the substrate of a textile floorcovering and which often forms the final coating or layer.unitary backingA heavy back-coating of a polymer material, e.g., latex, to impart dimensional stability to a carpet. Unitary backed carpets are normally installed using adhesive-based systems.

Carpet backing

A construction, integral with the use-surface and composed of one or more layers, which serves as a support for the use-surface and possibly stabilizes the dimensions and/or acts as a cushioning layer.

Carpet square

Traditionally, a carpet in rectangular form (with or without a border) approximately at least 1.83m (2yds) at the shortest dimension and normally loosely laid.
Note: In North Ainerica carpet square is synonymous with carpet tile.

Carpet tile

A textile floorcovering of predetermined shape and size intended to be used in a modular mode. To achieve dimensional stability, the tile incorporates a substrate comprising layers of, for example, glass fibre and bitumen, or PVC. (See also carpet square.)

Carpet Underlay

A separate fabric which is used to provide cushioning for carpet. Carpet underlays are made of hair and jute sponge rubber bonded urethane or foamed urethane.

Carpets

Heavy functional and ornamental floor coverings consisting of pile yarns or fibers and a backing system. They may be tufted or woven. (Also see TUFTED CARPET.)

Carriage (lace machines)

A thin metal frame for carrying a brass bobbin.
Note:This carriage is typical of one used in lace machines. There are variations in size, shape, and thickness, but the main features noted above are always found.

Carriage lace

A woven narrow fabric on the face of which is an uncut pile design, generally incorporating one weft, but two or three wefts are sometimes used for further ornamental effects. It is used to give finish to the upholstery of railway carriages and of other vehicles.

Carriage way (lace)

The direction across the width of the lace, at right angles to the dressing selvedges (see pattern repeat).

Carrier

1. (Braiding) A moving holder for one yam package (occasionally several), which moves in a track on a braiding machine.
2. (Coloration) A type of accelerant, particularly used in the dyeing or printing of hydrophobic fibres with disperse dyes.
3. (Fibre) A fibre component that is blended with the main constituent fibre to improve processing behaviour.
4.(Spinning) A positively driven, smooth metal roller set between the major drafting rollers on some worsted drawing boxes and spinning frames to control the fibres during drafting.
Note 1: This is used in conjunction with a tumbler.
Note 2: One, two, or three lines of carriers may be employed, depending on the fibre length of the material being processed.
5.(Yarn) A yarn introduced at some stage of processing to support the main component, generally as an aid to further manufacture.

Carrierless Dyeing Variants

Polymers that have been modified to increase their dyeability. Fibers and fabrics made from these polymers can be dyed at the boil without the use of carriers.

Carrot

The active reagent used for carrotting.

Carrotting

The modification of the tips of fur fibre (rabbit fur) by chemical treatment to improve their felting capacity. The reagent originally used was mercury in nitric acid but mixtures of oxidizing and hydrolysing agents are now more common.