Addition polymer

A polymer made by addition polymerization (see also polymerization, addition under polymerization).

Addition polymerization

The formation of a polymer by reaction of a compound or compounds without the formation of other reaction products of low molar mass,

Additive

A supplementary material combined with a base material to provide special properties. For example pigments are used as dope additives to give color in mass dyeing. © 2001 Celanese Acetate LLC

Additive finish

A finish, which increases the final mass per unit area of the dry textile material and imparts desired properties. (See also weighting.)

Adhesion

The force that holds different materials together at their interface and resists separation into two layers.

Adhesion Promoters

Products used to treat the smooth fiber-face of closely constructed base fabric to provide a chemical bonding site for subsequent coating. This step is done because it is difficult to get good coating adhesion via strikethrough and mechanical bonding in closely constructed fabrics. Products containing the isocyanate group are the most widely used promoters. (Also see DIP TREATING.)

Adhesion test

A test to assess the force required per unit width to separate layers of coated or laminated fabrics.

Adhesive Activated Yarns

Yarns treated by the fiber manufacturer to promote better adhesion to another material such as rubber and/or to allow easier processing.

Adhesive Migration

In nonwovens the movement of adhesive together with its carrier solvent in a fabric during drying giving it a non-uniform distribution within the web usually increasing to the outer layers.

Adhesive-bonded nonwoven fabric

Textile material composed of a web or batt of fibres, bonded by the application of adhesive material in liquid form. Methods of application include saturation bonding, spray bonding, print bonding, and foam bonding.

Adhesives

In textiles materials which cause fibers yarns or fabrics to stick together or to other materials.

Adipic Acid

1 4 acid [COOH(CH2)4COOH]. It is used in the polymerization reaction to form nylon 66 polymers and in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.

Adjustable top feed

A top feed system with the presser foot in two sections: one of which holds the material in position during needle penetration whilst the other, with its teeth on the lower side, engages the upper ply to feed the material forward when the needle is raised.(sub Category of feed mechanisms(sewing))

Adjustable top feed

The means for moving the material being stitched from one stitch position to the next.compound feedA feed mechanism comprising synchronised drop feed and needle feed.drop feedA feed mechanism in which the feed dog alternately engages and disengages the underside of the material to transport it forward.differential drop feed; differential bottom feedA type of drop feed with two feed dogs arranged in tandem to move differentially. One feed dog is in front of the needle and the other is behind. Material may be gathered or stretched by adjusting the stroke of the front feed dog so that it is longer or shorter respectively than the stroke of the rear feed dog.needle feedA feed mechanism in which the feeding of the material is accomplished or assisted by the needle which moves forward by one stitch whilst penetrating the material.

Adsorption

The attraction of gases liquids or solids to surface areas of textile fibers yarns fabrics or any material. (Also see ABSORPTION.)